超重者可能会早死三年
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体重过重可能会使你的生活压力变大。科学家说超重的人会比预期早死一年，中度肥胖的人会过早死三年。
医生们早就警告说，超重会导致健康并发症包括心脏病，中风和癌症等，先前的研究已经发现，多余的重量会缩短你的寿命，该研究的数据主要是来自欧洲和北美州。
在新的研究中，研究人员称这是有史以来最大的分析，研究人员筛选了从1970年到去年的32个国家近400万名不吸烟的成年人的数据。他们将人们的体重指数和死亡的风险进行了比较。
正常体重指数是在18.5到25之间，25 - 30属于超重，30 - 35属于中度肥胖，40以上属于严重肥胖。例如身高5.4英尺，体重超174磅被认为是肥胖。
超重的人平均会会失去一年寿命，中度肥胖的人会失去3年寿命，牛津大学的Richard Peto说。先前的研究发现，严重肥胖可能会损失高达8年的寿命。
研究还发现，肥胖的男人比肥胖的女人更危险。
“对于肥胖的男性来说过早死亡的风险大约是肥胖女性的三倍。”Peto说。男性有更高的早亡风险，肥胖是风险加剧的额外因素，他说。
据世界卫生组织统计，全球约有15%的女性和11%的男性属于肥胖者。总的来说，全球有超过10亿成年人超重，有6亿人肥胖。
在北美和欧洲，体重问题现在是仅次于吸烟引起过早死亡的另一因素，吸烟会导致大约四分之一的人过早死亡，而现在体重问题导致大约14-20%的死亡。
Peto说现在简单的口头建议人们去减肥已经远远不够了，因为减重并保持身材是非常困难的。“也许建议人们尤其是中年人不要增重反而比较容易。”他说。
Tam Fry说“如果你不照顾好你自己，肥胖就会杀了你。如果你不想死得早，那么你应该尽早采取一些措施来减轻你的体重。”（生物谷Bioon.com）
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Digest this: heavy people may die up to three years early
Being too heavy may cost you your life—literally. Scientists say overweight people die one year earlier than expected and that moderately obese people die up to three years prematurely. Doctors have long warned that being overweight can lead to health complications including heart disease, stroke and cancer, and previous studies have already found that extra pounds can take years off your life, based mostly on data from Europe and North America. In the new study, which the authors say is the largest-ever such analysis, researchers sifted through data for nearly 4 million non-smoking adults in 32 countries published from 1970 to last year.
They compared the risk of death to people's body mass index, or BMI, a measure of body fat that is calculated using height and weight. They defined a BMI from 18.5 to 25 as normal, 25-30 as overweight, 30-35 as moderately obese and over 40 as severely obese. A person who is 5 foot 4 is considered obese at a weight of 174 pounds or more. Overweight people lose a year of life on average and moderately overweight people lose 3 years, said Richard Peto of Oxford University, one of the study authors.
A previous study found that being severely obese could cost as much as 8 years of life. The study also found that being obese is far more dangerous for men than for women. "The excess risk of premature death is about three times as big for a man who gets fat as for a woman who gets fat," Peto said. Men tend to be higher risk for earlier death in general, and the risk worsens when obesity is added to the equation, he said. According to the World Health Organization, 15 percent of women worldwide and 11 percent of men are obese. Overall, the WHO estimates that more than 1 billion adults are overweight and another 600 million people are obese. Carrying too much weight is now second to smoking as a cause of premature death in North America and Europe; smoking causes about a quarter of all premature deaths there while being too heavy now causes about 14 to 20 percent of such deaths.
Peto acknowledged that more is needed than to simply advise people to lose weight, because dropping even a few pounds and keeping them off is notoriously difficult. "It might be easier to recommend that people try very hard not to put on weight in the first place, particularly before they hit middle age," he said. Tam Fry, spokesman for Britain's National Obesity Forum, said the new study was further proof of the dangers of tipping the scales. "We've known for some time that if you're not looking after yourself, then being fat will kill you," Fry said. "If you don't want to die earlier, then you should take steps to do something about your weight."
